What Materials Are Needed to Make Concrete Mix?

Concrete mix is ​​an important element in the construction world because it determines the strength and durability of a building. But, what are the basic ingredients needed to make quality concrete mix?

Let's discuss the main components one by one!

1. Cement
Cement functions as a binder for all materials in the concrete mix. The most commonly used type is Portland Cement (OPC) because it hardens quickly and has high adhesive power. Make sure to use fresh cement and store it well for maximum results.

2. Sand (Fine Aggregate)
Sand acts as a filler. For concrete mix, use sand that is clean from mud, soil, or other organic materials. Concrete sand or pasang sand is a common choice in construction.

3. Gravel or Split (Coarse Aggregate)
Gravel or split stone functions to provide compressive strength to concrete. The size varies, generally used is 1-2 cm. Choose split stone that is hard, clean, and has a sharp surface.

4. Water
Water functions to dissolve cement so that it can glue the aggregate. However, its use must be calculated precisely, because too much water can weaken the concrete. Use clean water that does not contain salt or oil.

5. Additional Materials (Optional)
Sometimes additional materials are also used such as:

Plasticizer: makes the mixture easier to work with without adding water.
Retarder: slows down the hardening time (useful for large-scale casting).
Waterproofing: to prevent water seepage (usually used in pools, bathrooms, etc.).

Concrete Mix Ratio
For light to medium reinforced concrete, the standard ratio that is often used is:

1: 2: 3 (Cement: Sand: Split)
or
1: 1.5: 2.5 for denser and stronger results.

Conclusion
Quality concrete mix comes from the right, clean ingredients and the right measurements. Don't just mix it because small mistakes can have a big impact on the strength of the structure!

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